The interview was modified from a previously validated instrument. Subjects were administered a detailed, semistructured diagnostic interview to ascertain seizure types, seizure semiology, seizure frequency, age at onset, diurnal pattern of seizure occurrence (e.g., nocturnal only, upon awakening), and history of status epilepticus. Participants with diagnoses of both GE and FE were not included in this study. Participants with benign rolandic epilepsy diagnosed by clinical presentation were not required to have neuroimaging. Patients with nonacquired FE were also required to have focal EEG abnormalities or unambiguous clinical semiology consistent with focal seizures. Individuals with mesial temporal sclerosis or focal cortical dysplasia were not excluded because these lesions are not clearly a result of exogenous injury. To be classified as nonacquired FE, neuroimaging was required to be normal or show evidence of mesial temporal sclerosis or focal cortical dysplasia. Exceptions were occasionally made to include a subject in the GE group without a positive EEG only when all 6 members of the Phenome Core agreed that one or more of the clinical features (e.g., morning myoclonus, photosensitivity, or responsiveness to valproate) were diagnostic and no focal features were present. To be classified as GE, participants had to have generalized-onset seizures, normal neuroimaging if done (although not required), and an EEG showing generalized epileptiform activity with a normal posterior dominant rhythm for age. Individuals with only febrile seizures or acute symptomatic seizures (i.e., precipitated by acute metabolic or structural CNS insults) were excluded, as were those with a history of acquired CNS injury before onset of epilepsy. Eligibility requirements included enrollment age 4 weeks to 60 years, age at first unprovoked seizure 40 years or younger, and a clear diagnosis of epilepsy, i.e., a lifetime history of 2 or more unprovoked seizures or one seizure with epileptiform EEG activity. At each site, detailed information was collected on epilepsy phenotype, family history, electrophysiologic characteristics, neuroimaging findings, demographic variables, and response to medications. There were 27 participating clinical centers in the United States, Canada, Argentina, Australia, and New Zealand.
EPGP was a study conducted from May 2007 to April 2014 whose goal was to recruit, perform detailed phenotyping on, and collect DNA from more than 3,750 participants with epilepsy. Send us feedback about these examples.The study included the sibling and parent-child pairs with GE of unknown cause (including those with idiopathic GEs ) and FE in the Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project (EPGP). These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'ambiguous.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. 2023 The description of DeRozan’s injury has been somewhat ambiguous over the last four months, ranging from a bruised knee to a Grade 1 thigh strain. Lauren Kent, CNN, Verbal promises are ambiguous in most cases, so having a trust or Power of Attorney in place to clarify available resources can help. 2023 While the Iranian government sought to distance itself from the fatwa in 1998 by pledging not to seek to carry it out, its position on the issue has been ambiguous over the years. 2023 But Toynbee sought to distill the probable from the ambiguous. 2023 For example, according to one study of 3.6 million eviction court records, 22 percent of state eviction cases are ambiguous or false records. Gary Stix, Scientific American, 27 Jan. 2023 This is ambiguous information, to be sure, but this is where the situation stands today. Ashley Fetters Maloy, Washington Post, 31 Jan. 2023 Yes, a rich and famous one Anderson details her rewarding, sometimes rambunctious friendships with Vivienne Westwood, Elton John, David LaChapelle and Amy Winehouse, as well as her ambiguous flirtation with Julian Assange, the way many of us might describe our partners in crime from high school. Recent Examples on the Web China would prefer its red lines to remain ambiguous and leave Washington guessing.
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